School of Abenaki Pilots First Summer Remotely

Abenaki-Lang-schools-By-Ho-June-Sean-Rhee

In its first summer as part of Middlebury’s summer Language Schools, the School of Abenaki engaged 23 students in a two-week pilot program on Abenaki language and culture. Jesse Bowman Bruchac, a citizen of the Nulhegan Abenaki Tribe, led Middlebury’s first Native American language program. The school allowed all of its students to attend this year free of charge, something Bruchac noted as a demonstration of the college’s support of efforts to preserve indigenous culture and language in the area.

Like all of Middlebury’s Language Schools this summer, the program was conducted remotely.

“Being online helped to bring people together,” said Bruchac, who has spent his career traveling across New England and the country to teach. Bruchac has nearly 30 years of experience teaching the Abenaki language and working to preserve its culture… (continued)

Read the full article by Catherine McLaughlin in The Middlebury Campus digital paper.

 

Kchi Psahakw: American Wild Mint

kchi psahakw wild mint mentha canadensis

Kchi psahakw (Western Abenaki) – great/big smell(ing) plant, from “kchi” = great/big, plus “psah-” = to smell, plus “-akw” = a plant

American wild mint (Mentha canadensis)

American wild mint is the only native Mentha of the half-dozen species found in New England. This one has a very strong mint smell and enjoys wet, rich soil.  People seek it as medicine for stomach upset, insomnia, and to relieve anxiety – similar to contemporary uses for peppermint.

Apenak – Groundnut

apenak groundnut

Apenak or penak – also skibô (Western Abenaki) – “[edible] root” from “pen-” = downward

Groundnut (Apios americana)

Wlipogwatol wajapkol ta adbakwasisal. Ta wlinôgwatol pskwasawônal!

Tasty roots and little beans. And beautiful flowers!

 

Pakwaaskw – Cattail

pakwaaskw cattail

Pakwaaskw (Western Abenaki) – “arrow plant”

Cattail (Typha latifolia)

N’wlitobnal pakwal ta n’mijibnal wajapkol.

The stems used to make blunt arrow shafts and the roots eaten as a starch.

The Dialogue of Change

reclaiming wantastegok sign retreat farm meadows

So, this happened: observations and extrapolations.

About two weeks ago, on August 13, 2020 – building upon a multi-faceted exchange that had already been underway for about four years – Abenaki community members, in collaboration with the Retreat Farm, dedicated a marker near the water’s edge. The site chosen was and is not coincidental. It is a place where worlds come together – sky, land, and water – a place that has cared for many and has been cared for in return, for thousands of summers. The marker is a recognition of the enduring relationship between People and Land – the duality embodied by indigeneity. Through the deliberate action of “Reclaiming Wantastegok” – restoring the space within which both this place and its occupants are singularly identified – a process of remembrance and reconnection has been recognized and enabled. See here and here for local media reports on the day’s celebration.

The event hosted its maximum allowable number of guests: 150 at an outdoor venue, according to the state’s Covid-19 guidelines. Sadly, a few had to be turned away. But, by all reports, the experience was as well-received as it was attended. Many folks traveled home having happily added to their understanding of  being an integral part of one’s surroundings. The word “Wantastegok”, spoken aloud, reaffirmed the Place where it had first been voiced, so many rivers ago. A fresh dialogue between People, Land, and Water was convened, mixing old words with new, and Original Peoples with more recent arrivals. An opportunity for a community to learn together what it means to be in relationship: hard truths, healing connections, humbling realizations, affirming values.

brattleboro vermont sign chalked

A little over a week later, someone decided to chalk the Abenaki words “Wantastegok” and “Ndakinna” on the “Welcome to Brattleboro” sign just 300 feet further south. Both sign posts were tagged, and the words Brattleboro, Vermont overwritten as well. It was a little jarring, and dismaying, to witness. What was the point of this?

I posted the discovery on Facebook for reactions, thinking that perhaps most of the respondents – in common with the proponent of this action – would have known that this dialogue for change was already well underway in the community, a shared effort, and forefronted by Indigenous voices. I didn’t count on Facebook’s randomized algorithm; consequently, many of the commenters were not aware of the previous week’s events, much less the lead-up during the previous years. No doubt the chalk-wielder, however, was well-aware because they knew the significance of these two words and of their proximity.

Some of the post comments, though, were right on the mark. This, from Amber Arnold of the SUSU Collective, expresses it succinctly:

“In my opinion….which doesn’t matter much as I am not Abenaki, but I would say it matters more so who wrote it and if it was a collective decision I guess? If someone outside of the Abenaki community wrote on the sign it seems it could be harmful because then it just puts you in a position to seem responsible or take the blame or scrutiny I guess or negativity from others. If it was a collective decision made in your community and you all feel that it is needed and important than I believe it is a good decision…but in my opinion really depends on who wrote it. It always sucks when well intentioned outsiders do these things because it puts lots of labor on the actual people who experience attempted erasure.”

Wliwni – thank you, Amber.

And, to everyone: we can do better, together. And we will.

Reclaiming the Abenaki Placename Wantastegok at Retreat Farm

The Brattleboro Words Project commissioned this appealing, succinct video by filmmaker Donna Blackney, as part of its NEH-funded documentation of the intersection of people, places ,and words in this region. The event was well-attended and well-received, and signals the beginning of an inclusive and mindful collaboration between the Elnu Abenaki, other members of the Native community, and Retreat Farm, in Wantastegok/Brattleboro.

This video will be shared several times through programming at Brattleboro Community Television (listing here).

In Dawnland Voices Issue #9: Tôni Kizos Wazwasa

Terraced lines shine silver,
Layers upon the cross-hatched riverbanks
Threads of smoke rise still and silent from domed shelters
No dog barks at the half moon.

Long night gone in the morning chill,
Slow light gleams at eastward door
Sun comes returning, scarce recognized
But met with quiet welcome.

A long time we will go
A long time ’til we know
A long time still to grow
Along time, ever so.

Among the Abenaki people, the winter solstice is the beginning of the New Year. As elder Elie Joubert has told us, this time is known as Peboniwi, t8ni kizos wazwasa – In winter, when the sun returns to the same place.

The custom is to begin the new year by offering these words:
Anhaldamawi kasi palilawalian – Forgive any wrong I may have done to you.
N’wikodo io mina, liwlaldamana – I ask this as well, please.

This poem was included in Dawnland Voices Issue #9, August 2020.

Layers of Land, Layers of Experience

wantastegok retreat farm sign ceremony

Visitors to the Retreat Meadows on Route 30 across from the Retreat Farm have a new opportunity to experience the confluence of the West and Connecticut rivers from a perspective that celebrates and honors the region as the homeland of the Abenaki people.

After a brief ceremony on Aug. 13, leaders of the Elnu Abenaki and the Retreat Farm joined Native Americans and others in the community in unveiling an interpretive sign for Wantastegok, the original Abenaki word for the area.

“It refers to the confluence of the West and the Connecticut rivers, a place where things come together, a place where things are lost, a place where things are found,” said Rich Holschuh, a spokesperson for the Elnu Abenaki and author of the text on the sign at the edge of the Retreat Meadows.

Read the full report from Olga Peters in The Commons (issue #576, 08.26.20), photography courtesy of Josh Steele.

 

Reclaiming the Wantastegok Name

roger longtoe welcoming song retreat farm

The entrance at Retreat Meadows on Route 30 now has a sign bearing the original name of the area, Wantastegok, which Sokoki Abenaki called home for 12,000 years.

“That is the original name of this place — it refers to the confluence of the West and the Connecticut rivers, a place where things come together, a place where things are lost, a place where things are found,” said Rich Holschuh of Brattleboro, a proponent of initiatives aimed at recognizing Abenaki history. “This is the occasion of launching a journey.”

The sign will be part of a trail system around the water, Holschuh said. Other markers are anticipated to tell native stories and share local history.

The ceremony began with Chief Roger Longtoe Sheehan of the Elnu Abenaki Tribe singing a traditional Abenaki greeting song. He lives in Jamaica. “Hello and welcome to the land of the Abenaki,” he said.

Read the full story by Chris Mays in the Brattleboro Reformer (08.14.20), with photography by Kristopher Radder.

New Abenaki Language School in Vermont

abenaki heritage weekend

Learning a new language can be both daunting and rewarding. And perhaps no other language school in the U.S. does it better than Middlebury College and its famous Middlebury Language Schools.

That’s why Middlebury’s new School of Abenaki, a pilot program for 2020 which wrapped up recently, promises to become an asset to the school’s overall program in the coming years.

The secret of the internationally acclaimed Vermont language school is its intensive, immersive approach. Students not only learn a new language but they are also live it by being taught the language’s culture underpinnings.

Approximately 20 students lived, learned, and interacted with Abenaki, Vermont’s indigenous language, during June and July.

Link to the original article in The Sun, from The Vermont Eagle.